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Objective:To establish ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry （UPLC-MS/MS） for the analysis of 18 components of five categories, namely spirosteroid saponins （timosaponin AⅠ，timosaponin AⅡ，timosaponin AⅢ，anemarrhenasaponin Ⅲ，sarsasapogenin），furostane saponins（anemarrhenasaponin Ⅰ，anemarrhenasaponin Ⅰa，anemarsaponin E，officinalisinin I，timosaponin B-Ⅱ，timosaponin B-Ⅲ，anemarsaponin C），flavonoids（icarisin I，baohuoside I），bisphenone（meomangiferin，mangiferin，isomangiferin），and hydroquinone glycoside （β-arbutin）,in order to analyze the differences between the main root and fibrous root of Anemarrhena asphodeloides from different sources and provide reference for the sustainable development of A. asphodeloides resources. Method:0.25 g sample was refluxed and extracted with 25 mL dilute ethanol for 30 min. The chromatographic separation was carried out on Waters Acquity Uplc BEHHILI C18 column（2.1 mm×100 mm，1.7 μm），with 0.1% formic acid water-acetonitrile as the mobile phase for gradient elution，and the volume flow rate was 0.2 mL·min-1. Electrospray ion source（ESI+，ESI-），and multi-reaction ion monitoring（MRM） were used for detection，external standard method was used to calculate the content of the tested components in medicinal samples，and SMICA14.1 software was used to analyze the differences between the main root and fibrous root samples of A. asphodeloides. Result:The tested components showed a good linear relationship in their respective linear ranges，with a good precision，repeatability and stability. The recovery rate of samples was between 95.22%-101.42%，and RSD was less than 4%. The experimental results showed great differences between the main root and fibrous root of A. asphodeloides, when the multivariate statistical analysis was carried out with 18 main components. Conclusion:This study provides experimental basis for the reuse of fibrous root of A. asphodeloides resources and the quality control of A. asphodeloides.
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Based on collections and researches of Pesudostellaria heterophylla germplasm resources from different areas of China, by using Shibing SB-4 provenance as materials, the new variety "Shitai No.1" was bred by mass selection, small plot variety comparative test, regional variety comparative test and field trial planting. Compared with "Qian taizishen No.1" and P. heterophylla land races. The disease and lodging resistance, root yield, polysaccharide content and the first grade rate of "Shitai No.1" have obvious advantages. In addition, it is relatively stable of yield in "Shitai No.1" in different places. It is demonstrated that "Shitai No.1" is a fine variety that adapt to the producing areas of P. heterophylla in Guizhou province, it is worthy to be promoted.
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AIM: To discuss the clinical efficacy of fresh amniotic membrane ( AM ) during the microscopic adjustable suture surgery in children's intercommunity strabismus, in order to guide clinical treatment. METHODS: With the clinical randomized control study (RCT), 60 (112 eyes) cases of patients in childhood who received microscopic strabismus surgery in our hospital were divided them into two different groups from Jan. 2010 to Oct. 2015. According to the application of AM on the basis of ophthalmology outpatient number, 30 cases (58 eyes) in group A were treated with rectus muscle recession surgery combined adjustable suture combined with AM. The other 30 cases (54 eyes) in group B were treated with rectus muscle recession surgery combined adjustable suture only. All patients in two groups were followed-up over 6mo after the strabismus surgery. RESULTS:Twenty-seven cases ( 48 eyes ) of all the strabismus patients must be adjusted after strabismus surgery, and the eye position adjustment rate was 42.9%. At 1mo after surgery, eye position of 18 cases (29 eyes) can be adjusted in all patients, and 44. 8% (16 cases, 26 eyes ) in group A with the average of adjustment lengths was 2. 56±0. 64mm, and 5. 6% ( 2 cases, 3 eyes ) in group B, with the average of adjustment lengths was 0. 52±0. 28mm, the differences of the adjustment rate and the average of adjustment amount were both high statistically significant (χ2 =22.477, P CONCLUSION: The application of fresh AM in the microscopic adjustable suture strabismus surgery is exactly effective in treatment of children's intercommunity strabismus. It can significantly extend the adjustment time and increase the adjustment amount, and it also can statistically improve the controllability and achievement ratio for children's strabismus surgery.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To provide new germplasm materials for breeding new varieties of Pseudostellaria heterophylla.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The method of single plant selection was adopted, with the comparative experiments being carried out under the same conditions in Shibing county. The 8 plants of Shibing SB-4 were compared respectively with factor analysis for 27 phenotypic traits and 8 yield traits, and single factor variance analysis for the contents of polysaccharides.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Using factor analysis, 27 phenotypic traits were classified into 7 principal divisors and 8 yield traits were simplified into 3 principal divisors. The 4 strains of P. heterophylla, ZT-01, ZT-02, ZT-06 and ZT-07, performed better than others in the phenotypic traits, and ZT-01, ZT-02, ZT-03 and ZT-07 in the yield traits. The contents of polysaccharides of ZT-01, ZT-02, ZT-05 and ZT-08 showed significantly higher value.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>There is significant difference among the 8 strains of P. heterophylla in phenotypic traits, yield traits and quality traits, making it possible to select certain strains for different purposes. ZT-01 and ZT-02 can be breaded further. ZT-06 and ZT-07 were used as ornamental cultivars for its great phenotypic traits. ZT-03 with good resistance and high yield was taken as resistant variety, and ZT-05 would face next selection on the basis of its high content of polysaccharide.</p>
Subject(s)
Breeding , Caryophyllaceae , Chemistry , China , Phenotype , PolysaccharidesABSTRACT
Referring to the rules for agricultural seed testing (GB /T 3543-1995) issued by China, the test of sampling, seed purity, weight per 1 000 seeds, seed moisture, seed viability and germination rate had been studied for screening seed quality test methods of Pesudostellaria heterophylla. The seed quality from different collection areas was measured. The results showed that at least 6.5 g seeds should be sampled and passed through 10-mesh sieve for purity analysis. The weight of 1 000 seeds was determined by using the 500-seed method. The phenotypic observation and size measurement were used for authenticity testing. The seed moisture was determined under the higher temperature (130 ± 2) degrees C for 5 hours. The seeds were dipped into 0.2% TTC sustaining 1 hour at 40 degrees C, then the viability could be determined. The break dormancy seeds were cultured on sand at 10 degrees C. K cluster analysis was applied for the data analysis, the seed quality from different collection areas grading of P. Heterophylla was described as three grades. The seed quality of each grade should reach following requirements: for first grade seeds, germination rate ≥ 86%, 1 000-grain weight ≥ 2.59 g, purity ≥ 87%, moisture ≤ 13.1%; for second grade seeds, germination rate ≥ 70%, 1 000-grain weight ≥ 2.40 g, purity ≥ 77%, moisture ≤ 14.3%; for third grade seeds, germination rate ≥ 41%, 1 000-grain weight ≥ 2.29 g, purity ≥ 76%, moisture ≤ 15.8%. The seed testing methods for quality items of P. heterophylla had been initially established, as well as the primary P. heterophylla seed quality classification standard.
Subject(s)
Caryophyllaceae , Chemistry , Germination , Quality Control , Seeds , Chemistry , WaterABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To provide guidance for selection and breeding of Pesudostellaria heterophylla, agronomic traits of 3 mainly cultivated form of P. heterophylla were observed and compared in Guizhou shibing.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Thirteen agronomic traits of P. heterophylla from 3 cultivation form were measured and the traits were analyzed using multiple comparison, correlation analysis, multiple stepwise regression analysis and path analysis.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The results showed that agronomic traits were different in 3 cultivation form, significant(P <0.05)or very significant correlated (P <0.01)among multiple agronomic traits, the width and the number of root, the first branch number, cleistogamous flowers, length and width of leaves, and the aboveground biomass were the main factors that affected the underground biomass, and the number of root, the aboveground biomass had a directly positive effect on the underground biomass. Meanwhile, whole length, length and width of leaves, cleistogamous flowers etc. had direct or indirect effect on the underground biomass.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Aboveground biomass would be as the best indirect selection traits on breeding high yield of P. heterophylla, the first branch number, width of leaves and cleistogamous flowers world be as a better auxiliary index on breeding high variety of P. heterophylla.</p>